NCI Role in the Development of 37 Cancer Drugs DRUG DISCOVERY DATE MARKETING NCI NCI INSTITUTION OF COMPANY PRECLINICAL CLINICAL NDA ROLE ROLE ______________________________________________________________________________ Vincristine Lilly 1963 Lilly none major Pipobroman NCI 1966 not marketed discovery major Hydroxyurea NCI 1967 Squibb discovery major Cytarbine Upjohn 1969 Upjohn significant major Procarbazine Roche 1969 Hoffman-LaRoche none major Mithramycin NCI 1970 Pfizer discovery major o,p - DDD NCI 1970 Bristol discovery major Bleomycin IMC 1973 Bristol little major Doxorubjcin Farmitalia 1974 Adria little major Dacarbazine NCI 1975 Dohme discovery major Lomustine NCI 1976 Bristol discovery major Carmustine NCI 1977 Bristol discovery major Cisplatin Michigan 1978 Bristol significant major State L-Asparaginase Cornell 1978 Merck significant major Daunorubicin Farmitalia,1979 Ives little major Rhone Poulenc Streptozotocin NCI 1982 Upjohn discovery major VP-16 Sandoz 1983 Bristol little major Leuoprolide Abbott 1985 Abbott little major alpha-interferon England 1986 Roche little major alpha-interferon England 1986 Schering little major Mitoxatrone NCI 1987 Lederle discovery major Ifosfamide Asta-Werke 1988 Bristol-Myers little major Squibb Carboplatin NCI 1989 Bristol-Myers significant major Squibb Flutamide Schering- 1989 Schering-Plough none none Plough Zoladex ICI 1989 ICI none none BCG 1990 Connaught Organon none major Teknika GM-CSF Immunex 1990 Immunex Hoechst none major Roussel HMM American 1990 US Bioscience significant major Cyanamid Idarubicin Farmitalia 1990 Adria Labs. none none Levamisole Janssen 1990 Janssen little major Fludarabine Southern 1991 Berlex discovery major Phosphate Research Institute (NCI Contractor) G-CSF Amgen 1991 Amgen none major Pentostatin Parke-Davis 1991 Parke-Davis significant major (NCI Contractor) VM-26 Sandoz 1992 Bristol-Myers little major Squibb IL-2 Cetus 1992 Chiron none major Taxol NCI 1992 Bristol-Myers discovery major SquibbSources: Bruce A. Chabner and Dale Shoemaker, "Drug Development for Cancer: Implications for Chemical Modifiers," International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology and Physics, April 1989, Volume 16, Number 4, pp. 907-909. Dr. Dale Shoemaker and Dr. Saul Schepartz, Division of Cancer Treatment, National Cancer Institute. Taxpayer Assets Project.
See also Federally Funded Pharmaceutical Inventions, Ralph Nader and James Love, Testimony before the Special Committee on the Aging of the United States Senate, February 24, 1993