Some of the firms that have received US FDA approval for the quality of their versions of ciprofloxacin, but cannot sell to the public until they overcome patent barriers. Any of these firms could supply the US government under 28 USC 1498.

• Ranbaxy
• Mylan
• Geneva Pharmaceuticals
• Novopharm

Global prices for ciprofloxcin.

CPT Documents

• October 24, 2001. James Love. Talking point on Cipro patent dispute.
• October 18, 2001. Ralph Nader and James Love Letter to DHHS Secretary Tommy Thompson regarding compulsory licenses for ciprofloxacin.
• September 29, 2001. James Love and Mike Palmedo. Examples of Compulsory Licensing of Intellectual Property in the United States. (See Chapter two for examples of compulsory licenses issued under 28 USC 1498.)

• January 15, 2002. Excerpt on the Cipro dispute from Bayer's SEC 10-K filing.
• October 26, 2001. Harvey Bale, President of the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Associations. Letter to editor of the Financial Times. Reporting on Cipro and Allegations about Compulsory Licensing.
• October 25, 2001. Stop Patient Abuse Now press release. Cipro Deal Puts Industry Profits Ahead of Public Health
• October 23, 2001. Oxfam America press release. Oxfam America Calls on U.S. to Make Anti-Anthrax Medicines Available.
• October 19, 2001. HealthGAP press release. Refusal to break monopoly on Cipro dramatizes health risk of U.S. hard-line on patent protection--at home and in AIDS-devastated poor countries.
• October 18, 2001, Senator Schumer Press Release: New CIPRO source could dramatically increase supply
• October 18, 2001. Ronald Johnson, Associate Executive Director of the Gay Men's Health Crisis. Letter to the Editor of the New York Times.
• October 17, 2001. Letter from Rep. Allen to Congressional colleagues.
• October 17, 2001. Oxfam Lauds U.S. Effort in Making Anti-Anthrax Medicine Available.
• October 13, 2001. Albert Engelberg, Increasing Access to CIPRO: A Strategy for Rapid Creation of a Government Stockpile, a Memo to Sen. Schumer on the use of 28 USC 1498 to authorize generic production of ciprofloxacin.

• SEC 10-K Filing of Barr Laboratories for Year Ending June 30, 2000 (Chapter I).

  In January 1997, Bayer AG, Bayer Corporation ("Bayer") and we agreed to settle the then pending litigation regarding Bayer's patent protecting ciprofloxacin hydrochloride... Under the supply agreement, Bayer has the option to either make payments to Barr or allow Barr and Rugby Laboratories, now owned by Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc., to purchase Ciprofloxacin from Bayer at a predetermined discount. If Bayer chooses not to provide the product to Barr, we expect to receive cash and recognize related proceeds, ranging from approximately $28-$31 million per year through the fiscal year ending June 30, 2003...

  On June 30, 1999, the Company received a civil investigative demand and a subpoena from the Federal Trade Commission, or the FTC, that, although not alleging any wrongdoing, sought documents and data relating to the January 1997 agreements resolving patent litigation involving Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, which had been pending in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. The FTC is investigating whether the Company, through settlement and supply agreements, has engaged or are engaging in activities in violation of the antitrust laws. The Company continues to cooperate with the FTC in this investigation.

• October 24, 2001. October 5, 2001. Prescription Access Litigation Project. Unlawful Conspiracy Restricted Production of Cipro, Consumers Charge in Suit Filed Today Against Bayer Corporation.
• October 18, 2001. Kristin Hallam for Bloomberg News. Senate panel requires disclosure of deals between patent owners and generic rivals, discusses Cipro patent CL request.

Statements

• October 23, 2001. Bayer press release. Canadian government acknowledges patent protection for Cipro.
• October 22, 2001. Health Canada (the Canadian Ministry of Health) press release. Health Canada and Bayer Inc. Confirm Supply Agreement for Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride.
• October 18, 2001. Statement by Shannon Herzfeld of PhRMA. Response to the issuance by Canada of a compulsory license for the generic manufacture of the antibiotic Cipro.

• March 9, 2002. Michael Friscolanti for the National Post. Rock warned about dodging patents: memo.
• October 24, 2001. Randall Palmer for Reuters. Canada gets Cipro at same cut-rate price as U.S.
• October 23, 2001. Reuters. Canada charges Bayer dishonest over anthrax drug.
• October 23, 2001. David Olive for the Toronto Star. It's sad sight to see Ottawa ready to give in to Bayer on drug.
• October 23, 2001 Geoff Dyer, Ken Warn and Bettina Wassene for the Financial Times. Canada climbs down on anthrax drug.
• October 23, 2001. Associated Press. Canadian government agrees to buy anti-anthrax drug from patent holder Bayer in an emergency.
• October 20, 2001, Geoff Dyer and Ken Warn for the Financial Times. Bayer upset as Canada overrides patent law
• October 20, 2001, Robert Fife in Ottawa and Michael Friscolanti for the National Post. Anthrax drug deal lands Rock in hot water: Officials blame junior employees for no-name order.
• October 19, 2001. Amy Harber and Reobert Pear for the New York Times. Canada Overrides Patent for Cipro to Treat Anthrax.
• October 19, 2001. Krista Foss for the Globe and Mail. Patent war looming over drug for anthrax.
• October 19, 2001. David McHugh for the Associated Press. Bayer Seeking Meeting With Canadians.
• October 18, 2001. Rob Ferguson for the Star. Health Canada orders 1 million anti-anthrax pills.
• Government Use provisions in Canadian Law.

• January, 2002. matt Fleischer-Black for the American Lawyer Magazine. The Cipro Dilemma.
• December 2, 2001. Robert Weissman and Russell Hokhiber for ZNet. The Cipro Ripoff and the Public Health.
• November, 2001. Phillipe Bennet for the Metropolitan Corporate Council. Defending Against Anthrax: U.S. Patent Implications And Safeguarding Public Health.
• November 24, 2001. V. Sridhar for Frontline (India). Perilous patent.
• November 15, 2001. David Firn for the Financial Times. Anthrax - qualified good news for drug makers.
• November 9, 2001. Denise Gellene for the LA Times. Anthrax Cases Reshape Drug Price Debate.
• November 8, 2001. Ariana Huffington op-ed in the Sacremento Bee. Is there a cure for drug company greed?
• November 8, 2001. Sabin Russell for the San Francisco Chronicle. U.S. push for cheap Cipro haunts AIDS drug dispute.
• November 7, 2001. Sharon Lerner for the Village Voice. The Bayer Boondoggle.
• November 4, 2001. Leslie Wayne and Melody Petersen for the New York Times. A Muscular Lobby Tries to Shape Nation's Bioterror Plan.
• October 31, 2001. Sharman Kobayashi for the Patent Cafe. Bayer-CIPRO - A Case For Overriding Patent Owner Rights?
• October 30, 2001. Reginald Dale for the International Herald Tribune. Striking a Balance on Patent Rights.
• October 29, 2001. Lea Paterson for the Times of London. US Patent Reappraisal Poses Long-Term Dangers.
• October 28, 2001. Letter to the Editor of the New York Times by Berard A. Schwetz, Acting Principal Dep. Commissioner of the FDA. Other Anthrax Drugs.
• October 27, 2001. Washington Post. Letter to the Editor. Medicating Against Anthrax.
• October 27, 2001. CNN Doxycycline becomes D.C.'s anthrax drug of choice.
• October 26, 2001. Shankar Vedantam for the Washington Post. HHS's Varying Costs for Cipro Criticized.
• October 26, 2001. Paul Bluestein for the Washington Post. Drug Patent Dispute Poses Trade Threat.
• October 26, 2001. Gardiner Harris for the Wall Street Journal. Bayer's Cipro Will Be Profitable, Even on Discount Deal With U.S.
• October 26, 2001. Keith Bradsher for the New York Times. Bayer Halves Price for Cipro, but Rivals Offer Drugs Free.
• October 25, 2001. Mark Weisbrot for Knight-Ridder/Tribune Media Services. Protecting Pharmaceutical Companies from the Threat of Bio-Terrorism.
• October 25, 2001. Robert M. Goldberg for the National Review. The War Against Cipro.
• October 25, 2001. Ed Silverman for the Star-Ledger. A battered Bayer opts out of a fight over its Cipro patent.
• October 25, 2001. Tom Hamburger, David S. Cloud, and Sarah Lueck for the Wall Street Journal. Anthrax Spores Got More Potent, Smaller In Each New Instance, Investigators Say.
• October 25, 2001. Tom Jacobs for the Motely Fool. Bayer, U.S. Deal on Anthrax Drug.
• October 25, 2001. Shankar Vedantam for the Washington Post. Government Will Buy Cipro at Half Price: Bayer Deal Blocks Generic Purchases.
• October 25, 2001. Ranjit Devraj for the Asia Times. India Caught in Drug Patent Trap.
• October 25, 2001. Jill Carroll and Ron Winslow for the Wall Street Journal. Bayer to Slash by Nearly Half Price U.S. Pays for Anthrax Drug.
• October 25, 2001. Scott Hensley and Rachel Zimmerman for the Wall Street Journal. Other Drugs, Besides Cipro May Get Anthrax Approval.
• October 24, 2001. Keith Bradshur and Edmond L. Andrews for the New York Times. U.S. Says Bayer Will Cut Cost ofIts Anthrax Drug.
• October 24, 2001. Oliver Moore for the Globe and Mail. White House announces deal with Bayer.
• October 24, 2001. Keith Bradsher and Edmund L. Andrews for the New York Times. U.S. Says Bayer Will Cut Cost of Its Anthrax Drug.
• October 24, 2001. Shankar Vedantam and DeNeen L. Brown for the Washington Post. US Seeks Price Cut from Cipro Maker.
• October 23, 2001. Kelly Wallace for CNN. Bush order aims to boost bio-drug supply.
• October 23, 2001. BBC News. America's anthrax patent dilemma.
• October 23, 2001. M. Corey Goldman for ABC News. Patent Panick: Anthrax Fears Spark Calls to Disregard Cipro Patent to Boost Production.
• October 23, 2001. "Wolf Blitzer Reports." CNN. Racial undertones on access to treatment in US?
• October 22, 2001. Financial Times editorial. Patent Abuse.
• October 22, 2003. James Glassman for Tech Central Station. Without Bayer, We're Bare to Bioterror.
• October 21, 2001. Elisabeth Bumiller for the New York Times. Public Health or Public Relations.
• October 21, 2001. Keith Bradsher for the New York Times. Bayer Insists Cipro Supply Is Sufficient; Fights Generic.
• October 20, 2001. Edmund L. Andrews for the New York Times. Uncertainty in Approach Toward Cipro.
• October 20, 2001. Shankar Vedantam and Terence Chea for the Washington Post. Drug Firm Plays Defense in Anthrax Scare: For Now, U.S. Declines to Suspend Bayer's Patent and Authorize Generic Cipro.
• October 19, 2001. Robert Kuttner. Op-ed in the L.A. Times. Stop the Rx Profiteers.
• October 19, 2001. Liz Highleyman for AlterNet. High Cipro Prices Bring Drug Patent Issue Home.
• October 19, 2001, Lisa Richwine for Reuters. US Law Would Allow Generic Cipro in Crisis-Experts
• October 18, 2001. Anthony York for Salon.com. Is it time to bust the Cipro patent?
• October 18, 2001. Jerusalem Post staff with Bloomberg News. Teva Ready to Produce Generic Version of Anthrax Treatment.
• October 18, 2001. Elisabeth Bumiller for the New York Times. Administration Won't Allow Generic Versions of Drug
• October 18, 2001. Ed Silverman and David Schwab for the Star-Ledger. U. S. will respect Cipro patent Feds won't use power to copy key antibiotic.
• October 18, 2001. Julian Siddle for the BBC. Anthrax fears prompt patent law review.
• October 18, 2001. Financial Express (India). US evaluates generic cipro from India.
• October 17, 2001. Donald G. McNiel for the New York Times. A Rush for Cipro; and the Global Ripples.
• October 17, 2001. Chris Adams for the Wall Street Journal. Bayer Sharply Boosts Production of Cipro; Some Lawmakers Urge U.S. Use of Generics
• October 17, 2001. Matthew Herper for Fortune. Cipro, Anthrax And The Perils Of Patents.
• October 17, 2001. Sitaraman Shankar for Reuters. India's Ranbaxy offers US large anthrax drug supply.
• October 16, 2001. Reuters. NY Senator urges U.S. to purchase generic Cipro.
• Octber 16, 2001. CNN-Money. Senator seeks generic Cipro.

• October 19, 2001. Jed Babbin for the Washington Times. Whose Spores Are They?
• June 20, 1999. Eric Margolis for the Toronto Sun. Biological Weaponry Of Russia And China Poses Vicious Threat.
• May 1988. The CBW Chronicle. Volume II, Issue 4. Concerns Renewed About Russia’s Bio Weapons Program.

• Centers for Disease Control. Antrax: Frequently Asked Questions.
• www.ciproUSA.com Bayer's website about Cipro. Includes prescribing information.
• Federation of American Scientists. Special Weapons Primer: Anthrax. May 18, 2000. John S. Urbanetti, M.D., for Jane's (military journal). Biological Agent of the Month: Anthrax.
• 1999. Vermont Department of Health Disease Control Bulletin, Volume 1, Issue 4. Bioterrorism: A Public Health Issue.