Content:
Multilateral
United States and Canada
Latin America
Europe
Asia Pacific
Africa
Miscellaneous on Spam

Multilateral

• April 17, 2002. Robert MacMillan. FTC Chairman Pushes Net Crime Vigilance, Not New Laws.
• April 11, 2002. Mark Webber in World eBusiness Report. Spam flood prompts new barriers. He describes voluntary guidelines, various legislative initiatives and the use of common law.
• April 10, 2002. A Napster-like network might be able to stem the tide of spam mail messages flooding the internet. Using the net to catch junk mail.
• April 2, 2002. International Netforce Targets Deceptive Spam and Internet Fraud. Press Conference in Seattle, Washington and Video Conference Link in Washington, D.C to announce an international law enforcement initiative targeting deceptive spam and Internet fraud. Agencies involved in the law enforcement action include the Alaska Attorney General, Alaska State Troopers, Alberta Government Services, British Columbia Securities Commission, British Columbia Solicitor General, Commodity Futures Trading Commission, Federal Trade Commission, Idaho Attorney General, Industry Canada Competition Bureau, Montana Department of Administration, Oregon Department of Justice, Washington Attorney General, Washington State Department of Financial Institutions, and Wyoming Attorney General.
• March 6, 2002. Ralph Nader and James Love. Letter to Chairman Muris and Commissioner Thompson requesting that the OECD Consumer Policy Committee meeting in Paris March 13-14, 2002 put on its work program efforts to find consensus on global actions to address the problem of spam.
• May 2001. Trans Atlantic Consumer Dialogue (TACD). Resolution on Unsolicited Commercial Electronic Mail.
  

  The use of unsolicited commercial electronic communication is a growing burden for people who use e-mail. A study published by the European Commission in January 2001 estimates that the economic burden for private consumers amounts to 10 billion EURO per year caused by unsolicited electronic mails. Another important aspect for consumers is the permanent violation of their privacy by such communications. As this is an international problem governments need to work together to develop common approaches to address consumer concerns about unsolicited commercial e-mail. Such approaches should recognize the distinction between commercial and non-commercial speech. RESOLVED: TACD calls upon the US government and the European Commission to develop rules to ensure that commercial electronic communications can only be sent out with prior affirmative consent of the consumer addressed.

• September 13, 1999. Global Business Dialogue on Electronic Commerce (GBDe). Paris Recommendations : "Unsolicited commercial communications Recommendations:

  Business should continue to take this consumer concern seriously, and to develop guidelines or codes of conducts regarding unsolicited commercial communications. Business should also develop systems that enable consumers to express a desire what commercial communications they wish to receive ("opt-out"). Governments should encourage voluntary self-regulating initiatives in this field and ensure that existing or future regulations on unsolicited commercial communications are internationally compatible.

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United States and Canada

In the News:

• November 21, 2002. Lisa M. Bowman, CNET News.com. CipherTrust wants your spam.
• November 19, 2002. Stuart D Levi, Skadden Arps Slate Meagher. Washington is first the state to prevail in a lawsuit brought under an anti-spam law.
• November 14, 2002. Hall Dickler Kent Goldstein & Wood LLP. Maryland becomes newest state to enact anti-spam law.

  Maryland joins the majority of states with anti-spam laws that are largely impractical. While they may be used to attack isolated instances of illegal spam, spamming is so globally prevalent that state laws are about as effective in stopping spam as municipal laws are in stopping jaywalking.

• September 19, 2002. California has become the first state to enact a law banning spam to cellular phones Davis signs bills to stop unwanted faxes and text messages.
• September 14, 2002. Candace Heckman. State wins case against deceptive spammer.
• September 13, 2002. New York Times Op Ed. Taking On Junk E-Mail.
• September 4, 2002. Declan McCullagh. Groups seek federal action on spam. CNET News.com
• July 8, 2002. Lee Gomes. Hotmail Has Quite a Job to Save its E-Mail Empire From Spam. "You think you've got a problem with spam e-mails because of the dozen or so you get every day? Welcome to Hotmail, where they get more than a billion."
• July 3, 2002. Michelle Delio. How One Spam Leads to Another. "If you want to be your own boss and make money working from home while increasing the size of your penis and shopping for cut-rate electronic products from China -- you're in luck. The quantity of e-mailed advertising pitches for these and other fabulous opportunities is about to increase dramatically, according to research by Bob West, an anti-spam activist."
• June 11, 2002. Chris Gibson in World eBusiness Report. The Senate Commerce Committee has approved an amended version of the Can Spam Act (S 630). The bill would prohibit the transmission of false or misleading commercial email and require all spam to include a valid return address so that recipients could opt out of receiving subsequent messages. The bill would broadly preempt all state causes of action against commercial email that meets these standards. In exchange, it would allow state attorneys general (and the Federal Trade Commission) to bring actions against spammers who continue to flood users with messages and give internet service providers the ability to recover costs associated with damages caused by spam. The co-sponsors - Senators Conrad Burns (R-MT), Ron Wyden (D-OR) and Ted Stevens (R-Alaska) - are optimistic that the bill will reach the Senate floor, but it is unclear whether this will happen in the near future.
• May 29, 2002. Attorney-General sues spammer Correspondents in New York.
• May 22, 2002. Governor signs bill letting Internet consumers block disclosures.
  The spam provisions in the second part of bill S.F. 2908, prohibits the use of misleading headers by spammers and requires the use of "ADV" for "advertisement" in the subject line. The e-mail must also provide information to the recipient on how to stop the organization from sending unwanted spam.
• May 17, 2002. Senate toughens up on spam (Reuters).
• May 6, 2002. Steven Bonisteel. ISP Can Finally Disconnect Spammer, Court Rules.
• April 15, 2002. Tamara Loomis. Lawyer Files Suit Against E-Mail Spammer.
• April 12, 2002. Steven Bonisteel. Top California Court Refuses To Hear Spam Law Challenge.
• April 2, 2002. Joanna Glasner. The Law Is Going After Spam.
• April 2, 2002. Lisa M. Bowman. FTC crosses borders in Net bust.
• April 2, 2002. Brian Krebs. U.S., Canadian Law Enforcement Target Fraudulent Spam.
• April 2, 2002. FTC Press Release. Sweep Targets Deceptive Spam and Internet Fraud.
• April 1, 2002. David Colker. State Spam Laws Rarely Enforced. Internet: It's difficult to track down senders on the Web, and prosecutors are busy.
• March 28, 2002. In Techdaily: Disturbed by the amount of misleading and pornographic e-mail sent to his family's home computer, a Michigan legislator has introduced a measure to stop the influx of unsolicited commercial or spam. H.R. 5777, sponsored by Rep. Marc Shulman, would require commercial e-mails to contain accurate header and subject information. The bill also would prohibit the sending of e-mails to consumers if their addresses were garnered from a third party, such as a chat room, without the recipients' consent. Shulman hopes to stop the millions of pieces of spam that clog consumer in-boxes with misleading information.
• March 27, 2002. The Spam Wars: What Can Be Done about the Annoying, Unsolicited E-mail That Is Driving Us Crazy? The Cato Institute Policy Forum with Howard Beales, Federal Trade Commission; Rebecca Richards, TRUSTe; Chris Hoofnagle, Electronic Privacy Information Center; and Jerry Cerasale, Direct Marketing Association.
• March 25, 2002. Gwendolyn Mariano. Spammers lose in small-claims court.
• March 21, 2002. Stefanie Olsen. Spam flood forces companies to take desperate measures.
• March 21, 2002. Declan McCullagh. Spam Showdown at Battle Creek.
• March 20, 2002. John Leyden. ORBZ shuts up shop, cites criminal charges. ORBZ, the anti-spam blacklisting service, is shutting down.
• March 5, 2002. In Utah: Legislature passes bill taking aim at junk e-mail.
• March 1, 2001. Michelle Delio. Candidate: Spam in Every Pot.
• February 22, 2002. Maureen Sirhal. Utah Lawmakers On Verge Of Passing Anti-Spam Law.
• February 19, 2002. Michelle Delio. Not All Asian E-Mail Is Spam.
• February 13, 2002. Yuki Noguchi. FTC Joins The Fight Against Spam.
• February 12, 2002. Robert MacMillan. Privacy, Spam, Broadband Top Sen. Burns' Agenda.
• February 12, 2001. Maureen Sirhal. E-Commerce: FTC Nabs Seven For E-Mail Fraud In Anti-Spam Campaign.

  The FTC is asking consumers to continue sending copies of the spam they receive to the FTC via its Web site. The agency receives nearly 10, 000 such messages per day. James Love, director of the Consumer Project on Technology, decried the FTC's weak efforts and noted that a more effective approach to preventing spam would be to forge an international agreement on the subject.

• February 12, 2002. FTC to Launch Attack on Deceptive Junk E-mail. Chairman Timothy J. Muris and Federal Trade Commission staff will announce a three point program to crack down on deceptive spam.
• February 11, 2002. Herbert W. Lovelace. Secret CIO: It's Time To Slam Spam Once And For All.
• February 11, 2002. Lisa M. Bowman. FTC's working for a spam clampdown.
• February 5, 2002. Steven Bonisteel. Second Opinion Sought In California 'Spam-Law' Challenge.
• January 31, 2002. Brian Krebs. The FTC announces a first crackdown on Spam in Newsbytes.
• January 31, 2002. Julia Scheeres. An Internet privacy group has created an e-mail certification program that will require member companies to identify themselves when sending unsolicited messages. Spam Gets a Stamp of Approval

  Having some standards for opt-out mail is interesting, but not that interesting if it is limited to a few senders of mail, not enforced, or does not allow software to effectively manage this for you," said James Love, director of the Consumer Project on Technology, which supports legislation that tags unsolicited e-mail so it can be detected by software.

• January 25, 2002. DMA to Control Spam by DMA Members in Slashdot.
• January 24, 2002. Stefanie Olsen. Marketing group scrapes off spam label in CNET.
• January 21, 2002. John Gaffney. Is It Spam or Is It E-Mail Direct Marketing? In Business 2.0.
• January 18, 2002. Maureen Sirhal. Twenty states have laws regulating commercial e-mail in an attempt to curb spam. And presently, 41 bills are pending in 18 states. In Technology Daily.
• January 13, 2002. Lawsuit Against Spammers in Slashdot.
• January 4, 2002. Gwendolyn Mariano. In California: appeals court upheld the state's anti-spam law, ruling that it does not violate a clause of the U.S. Constitution. Appeals Court Steps on Spam.
• January 3, 2002. Lou Marano. "As much as one-third of all e-mail sent is spam. Setting up a dial-up account and sending out several hundred thousand or 1 million e-mails" in No federal laws to slow down 'spam'
• December 12, 2001. Jeffrey Benner. Wham, Bam, Thank You Spam, A Washington State judge found in consumer's favor in four separate cases for $500 apiece. In each case, he ruled that the spammers had sent Haselton deceptive e-mail solicitations prohibited under Washington state's 3-year-old anti-spam law.
• September 17, 2001. Jeffrey Benner. "Nearly 6 million people in 24 states have registered to have telemarketing calls blocked under new do-not-call laws" in Antispam Laws: Where Are They? in Wired.

US Federal Legislations (107th Congress-2001-2002):

• H.R.3146 Title: To restrict the transmission of unsolicited electronic mail messages. (introduced 10/16/2001) Latest Major Action: 10/29/2001 Referred to House subcommittee
• H.R.2472 Title: To protect children from unsolicited e-mail smut containing sexually oriented advertisements offensive to minors. (introduced 7/11/2001) Latest Major Action: 8/6/2001 Referred to House subcommittee
• H.R.718 Title: To protect individuals, families, and Internet service providers from unsolicited and unwanted electronic mail. (introduced 2/14/2001) Latest Major Action: 6/5/2001 House preparation for floor: Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 43.
• S.630 Title: A bill to prohibit senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail from disguising the source of their messages, to give consumers the choice to cease receiving a sender's unsolicited commercial electronic mail messages, and for other purposes. (introduced 3/27/2001) Latest Major Action: 3/27/2001 Referred to Senate committee
• H.R.1017 Title: To prohibit the unsolicited e-mail known as "spam". (introduced 3/14/2001) Latest Major Action: 5/10/2001 House committee/subcommittee actions: Committee Hearings Held.
• H.R.95 Title: To protect individuals, families, and Internet service providers from unsolicited and unwanted electronic mail. (introduced 1/3/2001) Latest Major Action: 2/12/2001 Referred to House subcommittee

• H.R. 3113 Title: Unsolicited Electronic Mail Act of 2000
• H.R. 2162 Title: "CAN SPAM" Act of 2000
• H.R. 1910 Title: E-Mail User Protection Act
• S. 759 Title: Inbox Privacy Act of 1999
• H.R. 1686 Title: Internet Freedom Act
• H.R. 1685 Title: Internet Growth and Development Act of 1999
• H.R. 3024 Title: Netizens Protection Act of 1999
• H.R. 612 Title: Protection Against Scams on Seniors Act of 1999
• S. 699 Telemarketing Fraud and Seniors Protection Act

(None of these bills were enacted.)

• Connecticut
  • In Connecticut, it is an offence to send an advertisement via email without the prior consent of the recipient.
• Delaware
  • In Delaware, it is a crime to send bulk commercial adverisements via email without the prior consent of the recipient, unless a pre-existing relationship exists.
• California
  • In California, it is an offence to send an unsolicited advertisement via email in violation of the policy of either the originating ISP or the destination email service provider (which includes both ISPs and private organisations running their own mail servers). The SMTP banner is an acceptable method of notification.
• New Jersey
  • Pending in New Jersey (210th legislature): A130 Prohibits the sending of certain bulk commercial electronic mail. False and deceptive message headers are prohibited and recipient of such email can recover damages.
• Maine
  • Pending in Maine LD 2041, An Act to Control Spam. This bill has a broad definition of what an "unsolicited commercial email" and requires that a toll-free number be available for consumers who want to opt out.
• Maryland
  • New anti-spam law has come into effect. The law prohibits unsolicited commercial email that deliberately hides the sender's identity by using a false or misleading subject line; using a third party's domain name without permission; or falsifying routing information.
• Michigan
  • Pending in Michigan, HR 5777. The bill would require commercial e-mails to contain accurate header and subject information. It would also would prohibit the sending of e-mails to consumers if their addresses were garnered from a third party, such as a chat room, without the recipients' consent.
• Missouri
  • Pending in Missouri, House Bill 1042 -- Electronic Mail. This bill prohibits anyone from sending a commercial e-mail message to or from a computer in Missouri if the message obscures the sender's identity or contains false or misleading information in the subject line.
• Utah
  • Pending in Utah, HB 80, an Act imposing requirements on persons who send spam and provides for a cause of action for those who receive an unsolicited commercial email that violates those requirements.
    • February 4, 2002. H.B. 80 Substitute Unsolicited Commercial Email.

  Also see David E. Sorkin page at http://www.spamlaws.com/ and his site on state laws!

  Canada:

  • Industry Canada (department of the Federal government). Internet and Bulk Unsolicited Electronic Mail (SPAM).
  • January 1, 2001. In October 98, the federal government tabled in Parliament Bill C-54, Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act. . As of January 1, 2001, the legislation will impose some restrictions and obligations on how addresses and other personal information are collected, used and disclosed in the course of commercial activity. The law also creates an obligation for these firms and others who store electronic mail addresses to provide appropriate security for this personal information. In the first three years after coming into force, the legislation will apply to federally-regulated undertakings and to private sector firms who engage in the interprovincial and international trade in personal information. After this time, all organisations using personal information in the conduct of commercial activities will be covered, unless they are subject to provincial privacy legislation which has been deemed to be substantially similar to the federal law. Thus, firms buying, selling, leasing or bartering electronic mailing lists, which are the basis for bulk unsolicited electronic mail, will be subject to the provisions of the legislation, if these transactions take place over provincial and national borders.

  Who's working on Spam?:

• Since 1998, the Federal Trade Commission, has invited consumers and Internet Service Providers to forward UCE to an e-mail box at uce@ftc.gov. "Over 8.3 million pieces of UCE have been forwarded to the Commission since January 1998,and the UCE mailbox receives an average of 10,000 new pieces of UCE every day, seven days a week" in testimony before the Communications Subcommittee of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation (April 2001)
• The Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial Email (CAUCE) is a volunteer organization. Their website is very useful: it includes discussion of pending legislations and tips on how to fight spam and statistics.
• The SpamCon Foundation.
• O'Reilly Stopping Spam site.
• Fighting Spam since 1996: "Fight Spam on The Internet!"
• The Electronic frontier Foundation (EFF) archives on spam provides analysis of numerous problems, including vagueness and overbreadth for various anti spam proposed bills.
• The Center for Democracy and Technology (CDT) has a Report to the Federal Commission on Spam (1997) and has published several "Policy Notes" on the issue of Spam and free speech.
• Southwestern Bell Internet Services' FAQ page on Spam.
• The Direct Marketing Association (DMA) provides information on pending legislations on spam for its members and "free" documentation on guidelines.

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  Latin America

  • Argentina
    • November 2001. Ricardo Sametband. Argentina Peeks Into E-Mail Laws. A proposed bill includes fines of more than $25,000 for sending spam without identyfying it as such and not with real name.
  • Brazil
    • March 27, 2002. First Brazilian decision on spam takes wrong turn
    • Group working on Spam in Brazil: Movimento Brasileiro de Combate ao Spam

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  Europe

  • In the news:
    • April 19, 2002. Dutch ISP secures ban on spam.
    • February 13, 2002. Law would ban unsolicited commercial e-mails in Spain.
    • January 30, 2002. William New. Draft legislation that would update the European Union's governance of the privacy of personal data in electronic communications moved nearer its final form as the European Council approved its version this week. The council and the European Parliament have divergent views. In Technology Daily.
    • December 20, 2001. EU Council Votes to Ban UCE in EuroCAUCE Press Release.
    • December 7, 2001. Paul Meller. Euro ministers agree on spam 'n' cookies.
    • October 22, 2001. Kieren McCarthy. EU anti-spam legislation up again this evening.
    • July 16, 2001. Laura Rohde. European Parliament doesn't want to ban spam.
    • July 13, 2001. Ian Lynch. Europe wants spam outlawed by 2002.
    • July 11, 2001. Tim Richardson. Europe bottles spam ban.
  • European Commission
    • E-commerce Directives: 95/46/EC lays down general rules, and 97/66/EC lays down specific provisions to deal with data protection and privacy in the telecommunications sector.
    • Legislation in preparation: Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electronic communications sector Amendments: Article 13 - Unsolicited communications Gives subscribers the right to refuse unsolicited communications for direct marketing purposes; Extended to cover all forms of electronic communications. Electronic mail to be included under the opt-in system.
    • February 2, 2001. Internet subscribers world-wide are unwittingly paying an estimated euro 10 billion a year in connection costs just to receive "junk" e-mails, according to a study undertaken for the European Commission. The study, which provides detailed information on the junk mail (or "spam") phenomenon in both the US and the European Union shows that the application of the concepts enshrined in the existing Directives are applied in different ways across the EU. Protection is afforded via either opt-outs (e.g. a box to tick if you do not wish to receive unsolicited information) or opt-ins (a formal request to receive such information). Opt-ins are required in Austria, Denmark, Finland, Italy and Germany.
  • Council of the European Union:
    • For the Council detailed views, check EuroCAUCE's page. Here is a summary of the proposed amendments:
      • bans the use of "electronic mail" (email, SMS, etc) for advertising without the prior consent of the recipient
      • allows companies to send promotional material to addresses or numbers given by their owners in the course of arranging a purchase, but only for their own similar products and only if they make it possible for the recipient to withdraw consent at any time
      • provides for 'opt-in' or 'opt-out' for advertising by other means (non-automated voice telephony) according to national preference
      • prohibits disguising or concealing the identity of the sender
      • requires a valid address for opting out of further communications
      • directs that interests of legal persons (organisations) be "sufficiently protected"
      • calls for a review of impact and further developments after three years
  • European Parliament:
    • The Parliament has promoted'national choice' in relation to Spam whilst implementing a complete ban on similar practices using the Short Message Service. Further extensions and developments in messaging systems using mobile telephony would not necessarily be covered because the language is too specific. Other amendments relating to email were similarly too technology-specific.
  • Countries
    Under existing European law the treatment of spam depends on the position already adopted by individual countries. Austria, Denmark, Finland, Germany and Italy have all signed up to an "opt-in" approach to spam. For the other ten member states - including France and the UK - spam is a legitimate business activity. They promote the "opt-out approach" for users who do not want to receive spam.
    See EuroCAUCE for details.
    • Austria
      • Sending of email in bulk or for advertising purposes requires the prior - revocable at any time - consent of the recipient.
    • Denmark
      • According to the Danish law on Consumer Contact, the only direct approach allowed is postal mail. Unsolicited contact by telephone, fax, and, by extension, email are thus prohibited.
    • Finland
      • The Finnish law forbids sending unsolicited commercial advertisements to private persons and to newsgroups.
    • Germany
      • Prior consent is required in all contacts, but definitive court verdicts concerning email have yet to be handed down.
    • France
      • March 27, 2002. The Superior Court of Paris has issued an interesting ruling affirming ISPs' right to cut off spammers!
    • Italy
      • Prior consent is required to use email for advertising purposes.
    • Norway
      • Direct marketing to consumers by email, SMS, fax, or automated calling machine, is prohibited. See
    • Spain
      • February 13, 2002. Law would ban unsolicited commercial e-mails.
    • Netherlands
      • March 9, 2002. XS4ALL Wins Anti-Spam Suit

    Who's Working on Spam?
  • EuroCAUCE provides links to European directives, analysis of the opt-in/opt-out debate in various European countries.

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  Asia/Pacific

  • India
    • March 23, 2002. Indian teenage boy held in first ever e-mail spamming case .
  • China
    • March 4, 2002. Chinese Legislators Slam Spam Blocks.
  • Japan
    • June 12, 2002. Chris Gibson in World eBusiness Law Report. Japan has been increasingly aggressive in attacking spam. Two laws aimed at curbing spam have just passed the Diet - the first is an amendment to the Law on Specific Commercial Transactions, and the second is the new Law for Promoting Proper Transmission of Specific Electronic Mail. Some have suggested that certain provisions of the laws may not be effective, for example many activists criticize their opt-out rather than opt-in approach. Nevertheless, the quick passage of both laws and their scope (ie, text messages to mobile phones are also covered) indicate the Japanese government's determination to battle spammers. Both laws should take effect next month.
    • April 12, 2002. Takeshi Muramoto.Specific Revised Specific Trade Practice Act and Specific Electronic Mail Sending Act.
    • March 28, 2002. Takahiko Mizuno, AsiaBizTech. Unsolicited Cell-Phone E-Mails Won't Decrease Despite Stricter Regulation.
    • The Japanese Democratic Party published a proposal draft of anti-spam law and asked for public comment at the end of last year. Action for the enactment in this parliament session is not confirmed. The Rural Liberal Democratic Party proposed similar draft law. Two panels of different Ministries are compiling government opinion. So far, each study group posted draft report as follows. There are no differences on their proposal. Each panel require that e-mails contain the character string "ADV", at the beginning of the subject line, contact information enabling recipients to notify the sender not to send any further e-mail and information on how recipients can remove themselves from the distribution list.
    • January 29, 2002. Ministry of Economic, Trade and industry Report (in Japanese).
    • January 24, 2002. Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Post and Telecommunications Report (in Japanese).
    • December 18, 2001. The Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) is preparing legal revisions to prevent companies from sending unsolicited email advertisements to customers in Law to prevent nuisance email ads.
    • November 9, 2001. Kuriko Miyake. Spam-Blocking Law Proposed in Japan. A proposed law in Japan, consists of three parts: -- Senders are obliged to state "this is an advertisement" when sending nonrequested e-mail. -- Senders are never allowed to send e-mail to recipients who have informed senders by phone or e-mail that they refuse e-mail from them. -- Telecommunication carriers can refuse e-mail from spammers when it might cause system problems. In ITworld.com.
  • Australia
    • June 14, 2002. Kate Mackenzie. Government 'spam' investigated.
    • May 31, 2002. Caitlin Fitzsimmons. Anti-spammers rally to fight lawsuit.
    • February 24, 2002. Frank Walker. The 17th century king who's fighting e-mail pornography. A 400-year-old law against trespass is being used to try to beat spam.
    • January 15, 2002. In Australia, " Net Users are Drowning in Spam" and it might get worst!
    • February 29, 2000. Internet Industry Association, Opt-Out Spam Is Out of Bounds
    • October 1999. Australian Department of the Treasury, Second Round Consultation on Building Consumer Confidence in E-Commerce: A Best Practice Model for Business
    • CAUBE.AU, is the Coalition Against Unsolicited Bulk Email in Australia. Check out their latest spam volume statistics.
  • Korea
    • July 10, 2002. In the The Korea Herald. The Ministry of Information and Communication said yesterday it has set up an online hotline to help out spam mail victims in Korea.
    • March 20, 2002. Yang Sung-jin in the Korea Herald: Portal sites begin to block spam mail.
    • January 13, 2002. In Korea, Government to Crackdown on "Spam Mail"

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Africa

• March 6, 2002. Nicola Davies. E-commerce law on the cards.
• Webpage titled "spam" states: "Legislation to spam is not an issue in South Africa yet and it is doubtful whether it will be in the near future. If spamming is stopped in America it is possible that the amount of spam will decrease, but it will not go away"
• What is Hetzner Africa doing about Spam?
• UUNET (SA)Policy on Spam.
• africa4biz.com Policy on UCE.
• November 18, 2001. Trust is the name of the game in Sunday Times.

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Miscelleaneous on Spam

• March 28, 2002. Pamela Licalzi O'Connell. Online Diary. Surfing From an All-Spam Station.
  

  I rarely read the junk e-mail that floods my mailbox. But listening to Spamradio (spamradio.com), I was reminded of the potentially insinuating effect of such messages. This site, started up last week, takes spam that randomly arrives at its host computer and automatically converts it, using text-to-speech software, into an audio broadcast. Spam is an inescapable part of online life, and many examples on Spamradio will be instantly recognizable to regular Net users. The site, which is noncommercial, tries to satirize this form of direct marketing and to lament its pervasiveness, said Ian Morrison, a self-described Net artist and one of the site's creators. By focusing on the language of spam, Mr. Morrison said, he wants to demonstrate how it "paints a world that makes the screen disappear."

• March 2002. Spam history. Next month will be the seventh anniversary of the notorious spam attack on Usenet by Lawrence Canter and Martha Siegel, immigration lawyers who were among the first spammers on the Internet--and arguably the most reviled. The duo blanketed thousands of the Net's oldest discussion groups, known as newsgroups, with messages touting a "Green Card Lottery." On CNET News.com.
• December 1996. Brain Tennis" on Spam. Debate between James Love and Scott Hazen Mueller in Wired.

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